112 : even

   A   

Study this example situation:

 

Tina loves watching television.

 

She has a TV in every room of the house, even the bathroom.

 

We use even to say that something is unusual or surprising. It is not usual to have a TV in the bathroom.

 

Some more examples:

• These pictures are really awful. Even I take better pictures than these. (and I'm certainly not a good photographer) / 심지어 나도(나조차도) 이거 보다는 잘 찍겠다?
• He always wears a coat, even in hot weather.
• The print was very small. I couldn't read it, even with glasses.
• Nobody would help her, not even her best friend.
  or Not even her best friend would help her.

 

 

   B   

You can use even with the verb in the middle of a sentence (see Unit 110):

• Sue has travelled all over the world. She has even been to the Antarctic.
  (It's especially unusual to go to the Antarctic, so she must have travelled a lot.)
• They are very rich. They even have their own private jet.

 

Study these examples with even after a negative (not/can't/don't etc.):

• I can't cook. I can't even boil an egg. (and boiling an egg is very easy)
• They weren't very friendly to us. They didn't even say hello.
• Jessica is very fit. She's just run five miles and she's not even out of breath.

 

 

   C   

You can use even + comparative (cheaper / more expensive etc.):

• I got up very early, but Jack got up even earlier.
• I knew I didn't have much money, but I've got even less than I thought.
• We were surprised to get an email from her. We were even more surprised when she came to see us a few days later.

 

 

   D   

Even though / even when / even if

 

We use even though / even when / even if + subject + verb:

• Even though she can't drive, she bought a car.
• He never shouts, even when he's angry.
• This river is dangerous. It's dangerous to swim in it, even if you're a strong swimmer.

 

You cannot use even in this way (+ subject + verb). We say:

• Even though she can't drive, she bought a car. (not Even she can't drive)
• I can't reach the shelf even if I stand on a chair. (not even I stand)

 

Compare even if and if:

• We're going to the beach tomorrow. It doesn't matter what the weather is like. We're going even if it's raining. (심지어 ~라도)
• We want to go to the beach tomorrow, but we won't go if it's raining. (~라면)

 

 

 

※ awful :

 

awful : 끔찍한 (끔찍하게 싫은)

• That's an awful colour.
• I feel awful about forgetting her birthday.
• to look/feel awful (= to look/feel ill)
• There's an awful smell in here.
• The weather last summer was awful.
• the awful horrors of war

 

 

 

※ terrible :

 

 

terrible : 끔찍한 (감정 동요가 아주 심한) = horrible, horrendous, dreadful(영)

• a terrible experience
• It smells terrible in here.
• a terrible accident
• He had suffered terrible injuries.
• I feel terrible—I think I'll go to bed.
• You look terrible, you'd better sit down.
• a terrible meal
• Your driving is terrible!
• a terrible mistake
• to be in terrible pain
• The room was in a terrible mess.
• It was a terrible tragedy.

 

 

 

※ vile :

 

 

vile : 지독한, 악독한 (기본적으로 disgusting, 즉 역겹다는 의미가 내포되어 있음)

 

1. 지독한 (=disgusting)

• There was a vile smell coming from the locked room.
• What is that vile odor?
• She has a vile temper.
• He was in a vile mood.
• (chiefly Brit) We've been having vile weather lately.
• The weather was really vile most of the time.

 

2. 악독한, 악덕의 (=wicked),  morally bad; completely unacceptable 

• vile terrorist attacks
• a vile and cowardly act
• the vile practice of taking hostages
• It was a vile business from beginning to end.

 

 

Patterns

• terrible/​awful/​horrible/​dreadful for somebody
• a(n) terrible/​awful/​horrible/​dreadful/​vile thing
• a(n) terrible/​awful/​horrible/​vile smell
• terrible/​awful/​horrible/​dreadful/​vile/​horrendous conditions
• terrible/​awful/​horrible/​dreadful/​vile weather
• terrible/​awful/​dreadful news