053 : Verb + -ing (enjoy doing / stop doing etc.)

   A   

Look at these examples:

• I enjoy reading. (not I enjoy to read)
• Would you mind closing the door? (not mind to close)
• Chris suggested going to the cinema. (not suggested to go)

 

After enjoy, mind and suggest, we use -ing (not to ... ).   ※ suggest 관련 : Unit 34C 참고

 

 

Some more verbs that are followed by -ing:

stop   finish   postpone   consider   admit   deny   avoid   risk   imagine   fancy

• Suddenly everybody stopped talking. There was silence.
• I'll do the shopping when I've finished cleaning the flat.
• He tried to avoid answering my question.
• I don't fancy going out this evening. (= I'm not enthusiastic about it)
• Have you ever considered going to live in another country?
• They said they were innocent. They denied doing anything wrong.

 

The negative form is not -ing:

• When I'm on holiday, I enjoy not having to get up early.

 

 

   B   

We also use -ing after:

 

     give up (= stop)   
     put off (= postpone)
     go on  or   carry on (= continue)
     keep  or   keep on (= do something continuously or repeatedly)

• I've given up reading newspapers. I think it's a waste of time.
• Catherine doesn't want to retire. She wants to go on working. (or  ... to carry on working.)
• You keep interrupting when I'm talking!   or   You keep on interrupting ...

 

 

   C   

With some verbs you can use the structure verb + somebody + -ing:

• I can't imagine George riding a motorbike.
• You can't stop me doing what I want.
• Did you really say that? I don't remember you saying that.  (remember : Unit 56B)
• 'Sorry to keep you waiting so long.'   'That's all right.'

 

Note the passive form (being done/seen/kept etc.):

• I don't mind being kept waiting. (= I don't mind people keeping me ... )

 

 

   D   

When you are talking about finished actions, you can say having done/stolen/said etc. :

• They admitted having stolen the money.

 

But it is not necessary to use having (done). You can also say:

• They admitted stealing the money.
• I now regret saying (or  having said) what I said.  (댓글 참고), (Unit 56B 참고: regret ~ing or to)

 

 

   E   

After some of the verbs on this page (especially admit/deny/suggest) you can also use that ... :

• They denied that they had stolen the money.  (or  They denied stealing ... )
• Chris suggested that we went to the cinema.  (or  Sam suggested going ... )

 

 

 

 

※ deny :

 

deny :

1. to say that something is not true

2. to refuse to admit or accept something (= refuse)

 

 

※ admit :

 

 

 

※ allow, permit :

 

 

 

※ avoid :

 

avoid :

1. to prevent something bad from happening

2. to keep away from somebody/something; to try not to do something

 

 

※ risk : 

 

risk : '감수하다. 무릅쓰다.' 의 느낌?   (ex.)

• He risked his life to save her.
• He risked all his money on a game of cards.
• There was no choice. If they stayed there, they risked death.
• These families risked losing everything.

 

 

※ fancy :

 

(ex.)

• Do you fancy going out this evening?
• I don't fancy going out this evening. (= I'm not enthusiastic about it)

 

 

※ innocent :

 

 

 

※ consider :